Hard alloy and the application in exceeding strong cutting tool to be machined in cutting

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The ceaseless progress of the flying development as industry of aviation of our country machinery, electron, chemical industry, spaceflight and science and technology, these exceed strong cutting tool new-styly will more and more each fields that use at our country production widely, will bring bigger economic benefits. Basically elaborate hard alloy cutting tool, man-made to get together the function characteristic that brilliant diamond cutting tool, cubic nitrogen changes boracic cutting tool, compound nitrogen to turn cutting tool of silicon pottery and porcelain reachs his to process medium application in cutting. Hard alloy is one of the metal is the at present most commonly used cutting tool material in cutting treatment. The metallic carbide that it is the difficult frit that appliance has tall hear resistance and tall wearability (WC, TiC) powder makes matrix, wait with metallic Co for binder, becomes via the agglomeration after high pressure squelchs pulverous metallurgy product. Its characteristic is: Hardness is tall, wearability is good, hardness can achieve 74 ～ 82HRC; Chemical stability and thermal stability are good, have taller hear resistance, ability 1000 ℃ of 850 ～ ; The cutting rate that allows to use consequently can amount to 100 ～ 300m/min, the cutting performance of hard alloy is good, because this receives wide application. But the bending strength of hard alloy is low, concussion tenacity is bad, technical properties is poorer; Integral cutting tool is made rarely in using, the bit that makes all sorts of appearance commonly solders or clip solid is on cutter hub. The classification of 1 hard alloy and applied hard alloy can divide by chemical composition it is the following kinds: Tungsten is cobaltic kind of hard alloy (code name YG) , tungsten titanium is cobaltic kind of hard alloy (code name YT) , tungsten titanium Tantalum (niobium) cobaltic kind (code name YW) , carbonization titanium base kind (code name YN) . YG can gain higher bending strength when taller hardness, special agree with to work to basically be used at machining alloy of cast-iron, coloured and insulating material to wait below inferior cutting speed. YT rises as TiC content and Co content is reduced, with YG kind photograph comparing, hardness and wearability rise, because bending strength and concussion tenacity are lower,tenacity is reduced, do not suit to process brittleness data, be like cast-iron, basically use at processing plasticity data, be like rolled steel. YW joined TaC (or NbC) , raised tenacity of bending strength, fatigue intensity, concussion and high temperature hardness and intensity to be able to be used at treatment already cast-iron reach difficult treatment material, also can use at machining general steel products, often call general-purpose hard alloy. YN hardness is very tall, wearability, hear resistance and fight oxidation ability tall, chemical stability is good, bending strength and tenacity are a bit poor can use at processing steel, also can use at treatment cast-iron, suit hard steel of alloy steel of high speed finish machining, temper by dipping in water particularly, unwell at heavy cut. As the flying development of production technology, the ceaseless generation of advanced production technology and application, to the production precision of mechanical product, treatment efficiency of quality, production raised taller requirement; High speed cutting, superprecision, green is made all ask cutting tool has tall hardness, wearability and red rigid. Exceed strong cutting tool to be developed gradually to apply in modern production treatment consequently. For example: When machining granite with hard alloy cutting tool, inside a few seconds edge is destroyed by hard granite; Reoccupy gets together when brilliant diamond cutting tool is machined, edge can keep in good condition. Machine with hard alloy lathe tool cold hard cast-iron when, although use very low cutting rate, cutting tool still wears away very fast, blade of very easy also collapse; When using compound nitrogen to change cutting of cutting tool of silicon pottery and porcelain, not only can use higher cutting rate, and the service life that prolonged cutting tool greatly. Anneal tool steel needs to be machined through grinding commonly, manufacturing efficiency is very consequently low; And use cubic nitrogen to change boracic cutting tool to be able to realize efficient turning or milling. In carrying out a proof to exceed strong cutting tool to be machined in the high speed cutting of tall hard data, not only can assure to machine quality, improve manufacturing efficiency, return the durability that can raise cutting tool. 2 exceed strong cutting tool and its application to exceed strong cutting tool to basically man-made gets together brilliant diamond, cubic nitrogen turns boron and cutting tool of pottery and porcelain 3 kinds big. 2.

1 man-made gets together brilliant diamond cutting tool reachs his to apply natural diamond is the hardest data in nature. It is the high temperature that relies on generation of the place when the earth, lithosphere is transitional of diamond of translate into of high-pressured general black lead; Making synthetic diamond is made according to same principle just about. Get together brilliant diamond is compound two parts comprise a You Jujing diamond and hard alloy matrix; Hard alloy matrix is the transition that makes there is moderate of a hardness between the hardest diamond and softer carbon steel cutter hub layer, so that the pressure when cutting is delivered,mix solder. Although diamond is the material with the highest hardness in nature, can use the data such as the hard alloy with treatment taller hardness, pottery and porcelain, glass, but because it and steely material have chemistry,kiss and action, use extensively at processing all sorts of nonferrous metal and metalloid data commonly consequently. 2.

2 cubic nitrogen change boracic cutting tool and the hardness that its apply cubic nitrogen to change boron and wearability to be next to diamond. It is to use the amber nitrogen that has chosen to change boron to be raw material, use what the technology of high temperature high pressure with synthetic same diamond makes to get together brilliant material. Its hear resistance and chemical stability are good, it is when 1500 ℃ of 1300 ～ still can normal cutting, with most metal, iron department material does not have chemistry. Accordingly can the steely material of tall hardness of high speed cutting and heat-resisting alloy, the felt of cutting tool and diffuse wear away small; It has better thermal conductivity, between bending strength and porcelain of Yu Tao of fracture toughness interpose and hard alloy. Because cubic nitrogen turns a series of good points of boracic material, make it steel, can cold to quenching hard cast-iron undertake rough machining, semifinishing machining, return at the same time can the difficult treatment material such as material of alloy of high temperature of high speed cutting, thermal spraying. Cubic nitrogen changes boron to also can be become with hard alloy hot pressing accord with bit, its bending strength can be achieved 1.

47Gpa, can use via be being ground again for many times. Cubic nitrogen turns boracic cutting tool is one of optimal cutting tool that implementation grinds with car generation. 2.

3 compound nitrogen change cutting tool of silicon pottery and porcelain to reach its to apply compound nitrogen to change silicon pottery and porcelain is serve as main raw material with the richest silicon in nature, nitrogen is made change silicon after the nitrogen of silicon pink classics that has chosen the classics after its are molar is changed (Si3N4) pink, next with other additive a buy enters black lead mould, fill in hot pressing sintering furnace again with nitrogen, in pressure: 200 ～ 250 kilograms / Cm, temperature: 1820 ℃ condition issues 1810 ～ agglomeration and into. Its are main function characteristic is: Hardness is tall, wearability is good, hardness can achieve 93 ～ 94HRA; It is hear resistance, good to fight oxidisability, can achieve 1200 ～ 1300 ℃ . Nitrogen changes silicon and carbon and tantalum chemistry reaction is lesser, attrition factor is low also. Practice proves to be used at cutting steel, copper, aluminium to all do not stick bits, not easy generation accumulates bits tumour, improve the treatment quality of the spare parts thereby. Nitrogen changes the characteristic with silicon the biggest pottery and porcelain is to be able to undertake high speed turning, the material effect such as turning casting pig, nodular cast iron, malleable iron is more apparent, cutting rate can rise 500 ～ 600m/min, want machine tool condition to allow only, cutting rate still can rise. Nitrogen changes cutting tool of silicon pottery and porcelain to apply to mill of fine vehicle, half fine vehicle, essence or half essence mill, can use at the difficult treatment material such as fine vehicle aluminium alloy, tall manganese steel, achieve the goal that grinds with car generation. Develop ceaselessly in cutting tool material today, exterior coating hard alloy also received wide application. The hardness of hard alloy and wearability are better, dan Ren sex is poorer, can besmear through be on hard alloy cutting tool Fu 1 layer or multilayer the TiN with good wearability, TiCN, TiAlN and Al3O2, the ply of coating is 2 ～ 18 μ M, form exterior coating hard alloy, make its have the face of tall hardness and tall wearability already, have coriaceous matrix again, can improve cutting tool life and treatment efficiency. Above all sorts of exceeding strong cutting tool, have its severally extraordinary character. The ceaseless progress of the flying development as industry of aviation of our country machinery, electron, chemical industry, spaceflight and science and technology, these exceed strong cutting tool new-styly will more and more each fields that use at our country production widely, will bring bigger economic benefits. CNC Milling CNC Machining